CANCER NATNA CHUNGCHANGA HRIAT TUR PAWIMAWHTE

CANCER NATNA CHUNGCHANGA HRIAT TUR PAWIMAWHTE

Dr. Eric Zomawia

‘CANCER’ CHU ENGE?

‘Cancer’ tih hian taksa khawimaw lai a lo thang danglam a (abnormal growth), a bul vela tisa tha lai a nekin a eichhia a (local invasion), a rei hnu phei chuan hmundang daihah a taidarh (metastasis) thin. Cancer hi timur (cells) thang danglam atanga lo awm a ni. Bawk (Tumor) hi cancer avanga Bawk a nih chuan Malignant tumor an ti a, Cancer- lo Bawk a nih chuan Benigh tumor an ti.

Cancer hi a tlangpuiin chi 3 ah a then theih:-

1) Carcinomas- Vun leh khawchhung atanga Cancer lo awm hi Carcinomas an ti a. E.g. Vun, Pumpui, ril, hnute etc.
2) Sarcoma- Thau, tihrawl, thazam, thisen zam etc atanga cancer awm.
3) Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloma- Thalbe, thisen, thling cancer.

CANCER HI NATNA INVEN THEIH A NI EM?

Cancer zinga 40% hi a ven theih a, a dang 30% hi hmuhchhuah hma chuan a tihdam hmiah theih, 90% lai hi an na tuar leh harsatna dang atangin chhawk zan theih an ni.

CANCER LAKAH ENGTINNGE KAN INVEN ANG?

Cancer laka inven dan kawng 6 pawimawh tak tak, awlsamtea kan zawm theih mai a awm-

(1) Vaihlo, zuk leh hmuam lakah inthiar fihlimrawh: Vaihlo reng reng engang pawh chin dawklak hi Cancer veina kawng awlsam ber a ni. Vaihlo tih duh miah loh emaw sim hmiah hi i hriselna atana i tih theih pawimawh ber a ni. Midang meizuk khu (secondhand smoke) lakah fimkhur bawk la. Vaihlo avanga cancer awm thei te- Hmui, Lei, Ka, Hrawk bawr (oropharynx, nasopharybx, hypopharynx, pharynx, larynx), Hnar chhung, Chawdawt, Pumpui, Thin, Rilbawm (pancrease), Chuap, Kal, Phing, Thisen (myeloid leukemia).

(2) Ei leh in ah fimkhur rawh: Thlai leh thei ei tam/ei zing la, hengte hi ei/in tlem rawh- thau, zu, al, rep leh um.

(3) Thau lutuk (overweight) lo turin fimkhur la, exercise uar rawh. Nikhat chhungin darkar chanve tal chu i taksa sawizawina (physical activity) nei rawh. Kea kal uar rawh.

(4) I nun uluk rawh: Hepatitis B & C (Thin cancer thlen thei) leh HIV/AIDS (cancer hrang hrang siamtu) te hi sex leh drugs hmansualna atanga kai theih an nih avangin i nun uluk la. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) chhul cancer siamtu pawh sex atanga kai tho a ni.

(5) Hri danna (vaccine) ngaihven a tha: Hepatitis B Vaccine hi cancer laka invenna pakhat ani a; HPV vaccine pawh ram changkang thenkhatah an hmang tan tawha, chhul cancer tam tak veng thei tura ngaih a ni.

(6) Screening tests (Cancer hmuhchhuah hmana test hrang hrang) uar rawh: Insawisel kher loh pawha regular taka intest thin hian cancer chu veng kher lo mahse, a tir te a hmuh chhuah chuan tihdamna chance a tha em em a ni.

CHHULHMAWR (CERVIX) CANCER:

Khawvela hmeichhe zinga Cancer tam ber 3-na a ni. Ram hnufual zawkah cancer thihna thlentu tam ber ani. India ramah kumtin hmeichhia vei thar 1,00,000 an awm ziaha, 75,000 in an thihpui. Awlsam takin hma taka hmuhchhuah theih a ni.

A LO AWMCHHAN

A pawimawh ber chu Virus (natna hrik te reuhte) chi khat Human Papilloma Virus.

1. (HPV) a ni. HPV hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, Type 16 & 18 hi Cancer thlentu pawimawh ber a ni.
2. HPV hi Mipat hmeichhiatna atanga kai a nihavangin hengte hian Chhulhmawr cancer an vei awl bik-
• Kum naupang lama Sex hman tam.
• Kawppui ngah.
• Serh invawng fai lo.
3. Thil dang- Meizuk, Fa neih zin lutuk.

A lan chhuah dan:

1. Thi hul tawh hnu-a thi neih.
2. A hunbi lova thi neih.
3. Inpawl hnu-a thi chhuak.
4. Bawlhhlawh chhuak.
5. Kawng/tai na.

A hmuhchhuah dan:

1. Pap Smear: Chhul hmawr cancer hi cancer-a a chan tak tak hmain kum 10-15 zet danglamna (dysplasia) a awm hmasa phawt thin. Dysplasia chu chhul cancer intan tur, cancer la ni bawk si lo, cancer-a la chang thei si, hmuhchhuah chuan awlsamte a tihdama cancer laka ven theih mai a ni a. Chu Dysplasia chu awlsamtein PAP SMEAR hmanga hmuhchhuah theih a ni. Pap Smear chu a na lova, zawitea chhulhmawr hrut a, darthlalang (slide) a dah a, endik mai a ni. Pap Smear chu hmeichhia, pasal nei tawh, kum 25-30 tling tawh tan chuan kum 3-5 danah tih thin tur a ni. Ram changkangah chuan Pap Smear an uar avangin chhul cancer avanga thi an tlem phah hle a ni. Pap Smear result a zirin a enkawl chhunzawm dan chu doctorte’n thurawn an pe mai dawn a ni.

2. Calposcopy- khawl hmanga en. Biopsy pawh a lak nghal theih.

3. Visual inspection – Mit lawnga damdawi telh/telh lova en.

HNUTE CANCER:

Khawvel hmeichhe cancer zinga hluar ber a ni a, India ramah 2-na ani. Hmuhchhuah hma chuan tihdam hmiah theih a ni; mahse, India ramah hnute cancer 85% chu hmuhchhuah an nih hian an lo taidarh hman tawh thin a, hmuhchhuah hma kan inzirtir ngun a ngai hle.

A awmtir theite:

1. Fa nei har lutuk, fa nei lo, kum 12 hmaa thi nei tan, kum 55 hnu-a thi hul te zingah vei an tam.

2. Chhungkhawt laina hnaiah hnute cancer vei an awm chuan. (Inthlahchhawn theih, BRCA-1 & BRCA-2 gene a diklohna awm te’n an vei awl).

3. Thau lutukte, awm awl/taksa sawizawi ngai lo leh zu (alcohol) in mi ah a tam.

A hmuhchhuah hma dan:

1. Thlatin Mahni hnute ngun taka en leh dap thin tur a ni (Breast Self Examination/BSE).

2. Kumtin doctor dap tir ve hrim hrim tur a ni (Clinical Breast Examination/CBE).

3. Mammography –Hnute X-Ray. Kum 40 tling tawhte tan.

Mahni Hnute En (BSE) tihdan Step 5: (a lehlam ve ve a tih tur):

1. Ding chunga kawng dawma en – darthlalangah ngun taka en tur – Hnute infual hleih, bawk, hmur tlum, vun hrisel lo/pan/sen.

2. Ding chunga ban phara en – a chunga mi ang khian.

3. Hnute hmur sawr – tuiril/thi chhuak a awm em tih en tur.

4. Ding chunga Hnute indap – Kut pakhat tukhuma daha, kut zungtang pali tih pheka ngun taka Hnute dap tur a ni. Hnute hmur atanga tan a, dap kual zau telh telh a, zak hnuai thlenga dap tur a ni.

5. Mu chunga Hnute indap- a chunga mi ang khian dap kual leh tur a ni.

Diklohna a awm chuan cancer finfiah nana hengte hi tih theih a ni:

1. Doctor entir (CBE).
2. Mammography – hnute X-ray.
3. FNAC – hriau hmanga bawk test.
4. Biopsy.

KA CHHUNG (ORAL CAVITY) CANCER:

Ka chhung (lei, hmui tamin) cancer hi India ram hmun tam takah cancer hluar ber a ni. Cancer tak taka a chan hmain hun rei tak chhung danglamna hmuh theih cancer hmahruai (Pre-cancerous condition) a awm hmasa deuh zel a. Chuvangin invent theih leh a ni a, tihdam theih ani bawk.

Cancer Hmahruai thenkhatte –

1. Leukoplakia (Ka chhunga Var chhah lai bik awm).

2. Erythroplakia (Ka chhung Sen chhah lai bik awm).

3. Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF): Ka chhung a lo chhahin a sak a, thak lam ei a har a, ka an a har a, lei chhuah a har tial tial thin.

A awmtirtu:

1. Tobacco chewing (Sahdah, tuibur, khaini, zarda, gutkha-Tiranga etc).

2. Zu.

3. Kuhva.

4. Ha hriam/Ha lem invuah remlovin rei tak ka chhung a nawk pilhin.

Hmuhchhuah hma dan:

1. Thlatin ngun takin darthlalangah mahni ka chhung en thin tur a ni (Oral Self Examination). Sen, Var, Pan a awm chuan doctor rawn vat tur.
2. A khat tawkin Doctor ngun takin check tir thin tur a ni.

PUMPUI CANCER

Pumpui Cancer hi khawvela Cancer avanga thihna tam ber dawttu a ni Mizoram hi khawvela pumpui cancer hluarna ber zinga mi a ni. Ram changkangah a tlem tial tial a; a chhan ni ber a lang chu Refrigerator hman uar tak vang a ni.

A Awmtirtu:

1. Ei leh in – sa rep, thlairep, thil um lerh chi ei nasat.
2. Natna hrik chikhat – H. Pylori (Hei hi hmuhchhuana tihdam theiha ni).
3. Zuk leh hmuam.

A lan chhuah dan:

1. Pumna, thin thip.
2. Kawpuar, chaw pai tawih har.
3. Chaw ei tui lo, luak chhuak.
4. Rihna tlahniam, dawldang/thisen tlachham.
5. Thi a luak, ekdum.
6. Pum bawk.

Inven leh hmuhchhuah hma dan:

1. Ei leh Ina fimkhur.
2. Zuk leh hmuam laka fihlim.
3. Thlai leh thei ei tam/ ei zin.
4. Pumpui enna – Endoscope hmanga in check tir.

CHUAP CANCER

Khawvela Cancer hluar ber a ni a, kumtin 1, 200, 000 in an vei belh. Mizoram hi India ramah mipa leh hmeichhia chuap cancer-ah kan sang filawr hle.

A AWMTIRTU:

1. Meizuk hi Chuap cancer thlentu pawimawh ber a ni. Mipa zinga Chuap cancer >80%, leh hmeichhia zinga >70% chu meizuk vang a ni.

2. Secondhand smoke/Passive smoking – Mi meizuk khu, chenna inah emaw hnathawhnaah emaw hip luh fo hian meizu ve kher lote tan pawh chuap cancer a thlen.

3. Hnathawhna avanga Asbestos (tile kan tih ang chi) khawih nasa.

4. Inchhung phur taka meihawl/coal chhem thin.

5. Air pollution – Boruak bawlhhlawh, motor khu leh thildang.

6. Radiation.

A HMUHCHHUAHNA:

1. Khak en (Sputum Cytology).
2. X-Ray.
3. Bronchoscopy (Tube hmanga chuap chhung enna).
4. CT Scan.

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